The Parisian club has now won the season-opening trophy on 14 different times.
Paris Saint-Germain required a dramatic leveler followed by a successful penalty shootout to get past Marseille in Kuwait and capture a fourth straight Trophee des Champions victory.
The Champions League holders seemed to be coasting towards a comfortable triumph in the match featuring the French league winners and the Coupe de France holders after Ousmane Dembele opened the net early on.
Yet, the southern French side struck twice in the closing moments to seize a surprise advantage. First, the English forward scored from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking twist of events, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a vital equaliser in the final seconds to send the match into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then stood as the hero, stopping decisive attempts from Matt O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and Desire Doue all scored with composure for PSG to seal a convincing shootout victory.
The record champions Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after completing a league and cup double, have now won this trophy for the twelfth time in the past 13 seasons.